I-Aluminium vs titanium
Ezweni esiphila kulo, kunenqwaba yezakhi zamakhemikhali eziyimbangela yokwakheka kwazo zonke izinto ezingaphili ezisizungezile.Eziningi zalezi zakhi zingokwemvelo, okungukuthi, zenzeka ngokwemvelo kuyilapho ezinye zingezokwenziwa;okungukuthi, azenzeki ngokwemvelo futhi zenziwa ngokwenziwa.Ithebula le-periodic liyithuluzi eliwusizo kakhulu lapho ufunda izakhi.Empeleni kuwuhlelo lwethebula olubonisa zonke izakhi zamakhemikhali;inhlangano phezu kwesisekelo senombolo ye-athomu, ukucushwa kwe-elekthronikhi nezinye izakhiwo zamakhemikhali eziqhubekayo.Izinto ezimbili esizicoshe kuthebula le-periodic ukuze siziqhathanise i-aluminium ne-titanium.
Okokuqala nje, i-aluminium iyikhemikhali enophawu u-Al futhi iseqenjini le-boron.Ine-athomu engu-13, okungukuthi, inama-proton angu-13.I-Aluminium, njengoba abaningi bethu sazi, ingeyesigaba sezinsimbi futhi inokubukeka okumhlophe okusasiliva.Ithambile futhi i-ductile.Ngemuva kwe-oxygen ne-silicon, i-aluminium iyingxenye yesithathu egcwele kakhulu oqweqweni loMhlaba.Yenza cishe u-8% (ngesisindo) sobuso obuqinile boMhlaba.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-titanium nayo iyikhemikhali kodwa ayiyona insimbi evamile.Ingokwesigaba sezinsimbi eziguqukayo futhi inophawu lwamakhemikhali u-Ti.Inenombolo ye-athomu engu-22 futhi inokubonakala kwesiliva.Yaziwa ngamandla ayo aphezulu kanye nokuminyana okuphansi.Okuphawula i-titanium yiqiniso lokuthi imelana kakhulu nokugqwala ku-chlorine, emanzini olwandle nase-aqua regia.
Ake siqhathanise lezi zakhi ezimbili ngesisekelo sezakhiwo zazo ezingokomzimba.I-Aluminium iyinsimbi ethambile futhi ilula.Cishe, i-aluminium inokuminyana okungaba ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yensimbi.Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngevolumu efanayo yensimbi ne-aluminium, yokugcina inengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yesisindo.Lesi sici sibaluleke kakhulu ezintweni eziningi ze-aluminium.Eqinisweni, le mfanelo yokuba nesisindo esincane yisizathu esenza ukuthi i-aluminium isetshenziswe kabanzi ekwenzeni izindiza.Ukubukeka kwayo kuyahlukahluka kusuka kwesiliva kuya kumpunga obumnyama.Ukubukeka kwayo kwangempela kuncike ekuqineni kwendawo.Lokhu kusho ukuthi umbala usondela esiliva ukuze uthole indawo ebushelelezi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayikazibuthe futhi ayishisi ngisho kalula.Ama-alloys e-aluminium asetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yamandla awo, amakhulu kakhulu kunamandla e-aluminium emsulwa.
I-Titanium ibonakala ngamandla ayo amakhulu nesilinganiso sesisindo.I-ductile impela endaweni engenawo umoya-mpilo futhi inomthamo ophansi.I-Titanium inephuzu lokuncibilika eliphezulu kakhulu, elingaphezu kuka-1650 degrees Centigrade noma 3000 degrees Fahrenheit.Lokhu kwenza kube usizo kakhulu njengensimbi ephikisayo.Ine-conductivity ephansi eshisayo nekagesi futhi i-paramagnetic.Amabanga ezohwebo e-titanium anamandla aqinile angaba ngu-434 MPa kodwa aminyene kancane.Uma iqhathaniswa ne-aluminium, i-titanium iminyene ngo-60%.Nokho, inamandla aphindwe kabili e-aluminium.Laba bobabili banamandla ahlukene okubamba futhi.
Isifinyezo somehluko ovezwe ngamaphuzu
1. I-Aluminium iyinsimbi kuyilapho i-titanium iyinsimbi yoguquko
2. I-Aluminium inenombolo ye-athomu engu-13, noma ama-proton angu-13;I-Titanium inenombolo ye-athomu yama-proton angu-22, noma angu-22
3.I-Aluminium inophawu lwamakhemikhali u-Al;I-Titanium inophawu lwamakhemikhali u-Ti.
4.I-Aluminium iyisici sesithathu ngobuningi kakhulu oqweqweni Lomhlaba kuyilapho i-Titanium iyisici sesi-9 esitholakala ngobuningi.
5 .I-Aluminium ayikazibuthe;I-Titanium iyi-paramagnetic
6.I-Aluminium ishibhile uma iqhathaniswa ne-Titanium
7.Isici se-aluminium esibaluleke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwayo yisisindo sayo esilula nokuqina okuphansi, okuyingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yensimbi;isici se-titanium esibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwayo amandla ayo aphezulu nendawo encibilika kakhulu, ngaphezu kuka-1650 degrees centigrade
8.I-Titanium inamandla aphindwe kabili e-aluminium
9.I-Titanium iminyene cishe ngo-60% kune-aluminium
2.I-Aluminium inokubukeka okusasiliva okumhlophe okuhlukayo ukusuka kokusasiliva kuye kokumpunga okufiphele kuye ngokugwedla kwendawo (imvamisa iqondana nesiliva ngokubushelelezi) 10. lapha i-titanium inokubukeka okusiliva
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-19-2020